Ensuring Water Quality: Testing and Treatment for Boreholes
The Need for Mandatory Water Testing
Although borehole water is generally safer than surface water, it is essential to conduct mandatory testing after installation and periodically thereafter. Groundwater can contain dissolved minerals, heavy metals (like iron or manganese), and harmful bacteria (like E. coli) from surface infiltration.
Key Water Quality Parameters
- **Bacterial Contamination (E. coli, Coliforms):** Indicates contamination from nearby sanitation facilities (pit latrines). If positive, the water must be boiled or treated before consumption.
- **High Iron and Manganese:** While not strictly harmful, high levels cause staining, odor, and affect taste, requiring aeration or specialized filtration systems for removal.
- **pH and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS):** Determines the acidity/alkalinity and overall mineral content, which impacts both taste and the lifespan of plumbing fixtures.
Depending on the test results, treatment may involve simple chlorination (for bacteria) or complex filtration systems (for minerals). Never assume borehole water is potable without official laboratory clearance.